The middle prism is suspended by fine wiring and reacts to gravity. Study of various types of maps, charts, and plans, mapscales, coordinates, and projections. July 1, 2000 surveying and mapping manual 111 chapter 1 general 11 introduction 11. Classification of surveying introduction for easy understanding of surveying and the various components of the subject, we need a deep understanding of the various ways of classifying it. Students of geography will find in this book an extremely useful account of those methods of earth and land measurement which provide the foundation on which most of their work is based. Introduction land surveying is simply the art and science of mapping and measuring land. A critical introduction to cartography and gis request pdf. Good information but largely overshadowed by computer drafting now. Jul 24, 2014 ricky mwanza, geospatial professional. Basic concepts and the latest advances and technology in modern surveying and geomatics.
Publications with associated electronic media examine areas of development and current technology. Land surveyors use the geodetic network to determine positions of. It is the purpose of this talk to explain some of the motivation for this course and to illustrate. Introduction cartography and geographic information society. Colorado mesa prides itself on its outstanding faculty who are committed to excellent undergraduate teaching.
Jun 28, 2015 lesson 3 introduces viewers to cartography and the scienceart of making maps part 1 will introduce viewers to the discipline of cartography, the concept of mapping and map projections. International federation of surveyors fig, international society for. The history of cartography 1 cartography in prehistoric, ancient, and medieval europe. Before any engineering work can be started we must prepare a plan or map of the area showing topographical details. An introduction 45 catherine delano smith 3 the origins of cartography 50 g. The remotely received information can be grouped into four categories. Sketching for beginners powerpoint a presentation from pat kambesis survey and cartography class. Introduction to cartographic theory, map design and drafting, including practical experience with many methods of graphic representation of spatial data. The second chapter discusses, inter alia, costbenefit analysis of an investment in digital cartography and gis, plans for census cartographic process, digital map database development, quality. Other articles where geodetic surveying is discussed. G eomatic engineering has emerged mainly from the i ntegratio n of surveying a nd mapping with infor mation. Cartography definition, types and elements the international cartographic association defines cartography as the discipline dealing with the conception, production, dissemination and study of maps.
Maps are integral tools used to understand the spatial distributions of geographical variables and thus used by physical and human geographers. Malcolm lewis 4 cartography in the prehistoric period in the old world. The concept of layers esri gis applications mapping locations. Cartography is the science, technique and art of making and using maps. Coursework in geography and geomatics can be useful for this position. Inside, we introduce you to folks who work with maps and computers every day, explain some terms and tools that youll encounter all the time in this career, and tell you about.
This report on cartographic generalization addresses the need for the national ocean service nos to select a technical and operational solution to the problem of cartographic generalization within the scope of the automated nautical charting system 11. A 2dimensional representation of a 3 dimensional object a generalized representation of the world no map is ever completely accurate or complete 3. This is one of the important subjects of civil engineering. The variables or attributes can be studied considering the thematic aspect statistics, the locational aspect spatial analysis or both. Combining science, aesthetics, and technique, cartography builds on the premise that reality can be modeled in ways that communicate spatial information effectively the fundamental uses of traditional. What are the education requirements to become a surveyor or cartographer. A gis is able to manage both while computer assisted cartography packages only manage the absolute one. Surveying is the art of making suitable measurements in horizontal or vertical planes. He is also credited with the introduction of a model that divides a spherical. Introduction to basic surveying equipment with an emphasis on horizontal and vertical measurements. Introduction to cartography and thematic mapping gphy 249, fall 2007 department of geography, queens university.
Surveyor cartographer roles are actually a hybrid of two distinct jobs that technology has integrated into one. Introduction to cartography free download as powerpoint presentation. These selected examples will give an introduction to the viewpoint of a di gital library. Surveyors are only required to have a high school diploma, though some pursue associates degrees or technical training in survey technology as well. Gis allows the creation of maps through automated mapping, data capture, and surveying analysis tools. Cartography is the fundamental geographic discipline of mapping. Fundamentals of general cartography department of higher. In north america, students may major in cartography but also approach the subject from geography and surveying. R tobler in the late 1960s a new course, entitled analytical cartography, was introduced into the geography program at the university of michigan. The first chapter gives an introduction and overview of geographic information systems and digital mapping.
Lesson 3 introduces viewers to cartography and the scienceart of making maps part 1 will introduce viewers to the discipline of cartography, the concept of mapping and map projections. Europe, the middle east, and north africa 54 prehistoric maps and historians. Harley the historical importance of the map the principal concern of the history of cartography is the study of the map in human terms. Handbook on geographic information systems and digital. The two outer ones are attached to the barrel of the telescope.
Oct 08, 2014 separate chapters have been written on underground surveys and computer programs in surveying to incorporate the recent developments in this field. Surveying and gis at datum surveying consultants,lusakazambia. To develop an understanding of cartography earthmap relationship, map design, sources of data 2. Cartography art, science, and technology of making maps and how to use them. Cartography and gis education in geomatic engineering will be examine d in this paper.
Surveying has undergone its own computer revolution, and many surveyors now use. Levelling is the art of representing relative positions in the vertical plane. Part one cartography in prehistoric europe and the mediterranean 43 2 prehistoric maps and the history of cartography. Geog 2240a introduction cartography course outline. It is the art of measuring horizontal and vertical distances between objects, of measuring angles between lines, of determining the direction of lines, and of establishing points by predetermined angular and linear measurements. Publications with associated electronic media examine areas of. Handbook on geographic information systems and digital mapping. General introduction to cartographys history, theory, and use of maps. Inside, we introduce you to folks who work with maps and computers every day, explain some terms and tools that youll encounter all the time in this career, and tell you about the kinds of jobs, salaries, and technologies youll. Introduction to gis 4 located between grattan street and old engineering building. D egreesminutesseconds d ecimal degrees 1 0 2 3 12 1 8 1 1 4 2.
An introduction 45 catherine delano smith 3 the origins of cartography 50. Maps in ancient babylonia were made by using accurate surveying techniques. Introduction from the hydrographic point of view a topographic survey consists of a series of tasks carried out with the aim of determining the composition of those parts of the earths surface which emerge from the water. An introduction to critical cartography 21 as george jenks, sought to place cartography on a fi rm footing, perhaps even with its own departments. Plans, charts, 3d models, web maps, globes, animated maps virtual worlds etc at any scale. Typically 2 applies to a portable document format pdf file or. This means that cartography is the whole process of mapping. Cartography is considered as the science of preparing all. In europe, cartographers tend to enter into a mapping career through earth sciences which includes geography and geology, geophysics, land surveying, civil engineering and even graphic design.
This involves both horizontal and vertical measurements. This manual contains material that is of both an informational and instructional nature. Cartographytypes of maps, their uses and symbols 2. It is the purpose of this talk to explain some of the motivation for this course and to illustrate some of the content by a selection of examples.
A basic introduction to keeping book and sketching in the cave. The elements of a map ball state university libraries a destination for research, learning, and friends. Definition surveying is the art of measuring distances, angles, and positions above, on or below the earths surface. Cartography and gis cartography and geographic information. Without taking a survey of the plot where the construction is to be carried out, the work cannot begin. Surveying i introduction department of civil engineering, 2009 3 chapter 1 introduction 1. Basic surveying theory and practice definition of trigonometric functions all trigonometric functions are simply ratios of one side of a right triangle to a second side of the same triangle, or one side over another side.
Classification of surveying introduction for easy understanding of surveying and the various components of the subject, we need. The history of surveying and its impact on the world. Principles and methods of surveying in civil engineering. Separate chapters have been written on underground surveys and computer programs in surveying to incorporate the recent developments in this field. Introduction to cartography map cartography scribd. Parents and students are invited to be participants in some of cmus classes today. Preparations for cadastral surveys, where land partition problems abound, have occasionally led to early geodetic. For more information about any of the maps or atlases shown or the tutorial lesson maps and cartography. Until recently the progress of geodetic triangulation, the basic survey method, was more or less limited to areas either covered by good topographic maps or scheduled for mapping. To expose the students to the integration of computers, automated surveying, remote sensing, gps, and gis for the cartographic process.
It is the art of measuring horizontal and vertical distances between objects, of measuring. Instructions on surveying procedures and the limitation of errors. Fundamental concepts as applicable to mapping, surveying, and aerial photography. Cartographic generalization national geodetic survey. Since the artistic component of cartography is as important as the technicalscienti. The distinction between functions is which two sides are compared in the ratio.
The relative positions of points are located by means of measuring distances, directions. The lecture notes in geoinformation and cartography series provides a contemporary view of current research and development in geoinformation and cartography, including gis and geographic information science. Photogrammetry is an engineering discipline and as such heavily in. Basic surveying theory and practice for performing certain mathematical operations with angles, it is sometimes easier to convert to decimal degrees first, perform the necessary math, then convert back to degrees, minutes, and seconds.
Concepts and principles of cartography cartography an ancient art and science long established, long history implications of the digital revolution graphicacy a fundamental skill literacy, numeracy spatial thinking and reasoning opportunity to learn software marketable skills learning together. An introduction to geomatics presents basic concepts and practical material in each of the areas fundamental to modern surveying geomatics practice. As mediators between an inner mental world and an outer physical world, maps are fundamental tools helping the human. While introductory, its depth and breadth also make. A critical introduction to cartography and gis is an introduction to the critical issues surrounding mapping and geographic information systems gis across a wide range of disciplines for the nonspecialist reader examines the key influences geographic information systems gis and cartography have on the study of geography and other related disciplines. Surveying principles and methods in civil engineering surveying is the process of determining relative positions of different objects on the surface of the earth by measuring horizontal distances between them and preparing a map to any suitable scale. Surveying refers to the act of taking physical measurements of the land, while cartography refers to the rendering of land and features on paper or through digital media. Cartography and gis, two major careers in the mapping sciences using geospatial technology.
A highly readable bestseller, elementary surveying. Creating maps for cavers pdf an older document, concentrating on hand map drafting. Private ownership of property demands welldefined boundaries, and those boundaries cannot be. Fisher for preparation of the original text and to the defense mapping agency topo graphic center for technical assistance. It has a compensator which consists of an arrangement of three prisms. Combining science, aesthetics, and technique, cartography builds on the premise that reality can be modeled in ways that communicate spatial information effectively. Dec 05, 2010 surveying is the art of making suitable measurements in horizontal or vertical planes. Introduction to engineering surveying ce 5 levellingtheory. Sep 05, 2012 introduction to cartography geography1 1. The defense mapping school of the defense mapping agency expresses its gratitude to mrs. A critical introduction to cartography and gis firmly situates mapping at the heart of thinking geographically and provides readers with a solid conceptual foundation in the basic principles of cartography and the technological advances that have changed the face of mapmaking.
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